Class 7 : Maths โ Lesson 7. A Tale of Three Intersecting Lines
EXPLANATION AND ANALYSIS
๐ต Introduction: When Lines Meet in Different Ways
๐ง In earlier lessons, we learned about parallel lines and intersecting lines. We saw how two lines can meet at a point and form angles. In real life and geometry, there are situations where three lines intersect with each other, creating interesting patterns and relationships between angles.
๐ฟ Examples from daily life
๐ต Road junctions with three roads
๐ข The letter โYโ shape
๐ก Triangular supports in bridges
๐ด Arrow signs and direction boards
This chapter explores how three intersecting lines behave and what special angle relationships are formed when they meet.
๐ข Understanding Intersecting Lines Again
๐ง Intersecting lines are lines that meet or cross at a point.
๐น Two intersecting lines meet at one point
๐น They form angles at the point of intersection
๐ Example
Two roads crossing at a junction are intersecting lines.
๐ก Concept:
Angles are formed only when lines intersect.
๐ต Three Intersecting Lines
๐ง When three lines intersect at a single point, they divide the space around the point into several angles.
๐น All three lines pass through the same point
๐น More angles are formed compared to two intersecting lines
๐ Example
Three sticks tied together at one end form three intersecting lines.
โ๏ธ Note:
All three lines must meet at the same point to be called three intersecting lines.
๐ข Angles Formed by Three Intersecting Lines
๐ง Three intersecting lines form six angles at the point of intersection.
๐น These angles are arranged around the point
๐น Some angles may be equal
๐น All angles together make a full turn
๐ Observation
The sum of all angles around a point is 360 degrees.
๐ก Concept:
This rule helps us find unknown angles easily.
๐ต Adjacent Angles
๐ง Adjacent angles are angles that lie next to each other.
๐น They share a common arm
๐น They share a common vertex
๐น They do not overlap
๐ Example
Two angles formed side by side by intersecting lines are adjacent angles.
โ๏ธ Note:
Adjacent angles together form a larger angle.
๐ข Vertically Opposite Angles
๐ง Vertically opposite angles are angles formed when two lines intersect.
๐น They lie opposite to each other
๐น They are always equal in measure
๐ Example
If one angle is 40ยฐ, the vertically opposite angle is also 40ยฐ.
๐ก Concept:
This property holds true even when more lines pass through the same point.
๐ต Angle Sum Around a Point
๐ง When several angles meet at a point, their total sum is always 360 degrees.
๐น This is called a complete angle
๐น It represents a full rotation
๐ Example
If five angles around a point are known, the sixth can be found by subtracting their sum from 360ยฐ.
โ๏ธ Note:
This rule is very important for solving angle problems.
๐ก Special Angle Relationships with Three Lines
๐ง When three lines intersect, different types of angle relationships appear.
๐น Adjacent angles
๐น Vertically opposite angles
๐น Angles around a point
๐ Example
In a three-line intersection, opposite angles across the same two lines remain equal.
๐ก Concept:
Understanding these relationships helps in solving geometry problems.
๐ด Common Mistakes to Avoid
๐ด Forgetting that all angles around a point add up to 360ยฐ
๐ด Confusing adjacent angles with vertically opposite angles
๐ด Assuming all angles formed are equal
๐ด Ignoring the position of lines
โ๏ธ Note:
Always draw a neat figure and label angles clearly.
๐ข Importance of Studying Three Intersecting Lines
๐ง This chapter helps students to:
๐น Understand angle relationships clearly
๐น Solve geometry questions confidently
๐น Build a strong base for transversals and polygons
๐น Apply geometry in real-life designs
These ideas are essential for advanced geometry in higher classes.
๐ Summary
๐ต Three intersecting lines meet at a single point
๐ข They form six angles
๐ก Vertically opposite angles are equal
๐ด Adjacent angles lie next to each other
๐ต Sum of angles around a point is 360ยฐ
๐ข Angle relationships help find unknown angles
๐ Quick Recap
๐ Quick Recap
๐ต Intersecting lines meet at a point
๐ข Three intersecting lines form six angles
๐ก Vertically opposite angles are equal
๐ด Adjacent angles share a common side
๐ต Angles around a point add up to 360ยฐ
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TEXTBOOK QUESTIONS
๐ต 1. FIGURE IT OUT ?
๐ โ 1. Use the points on the circle and/or the centre to form isosceles triangles.
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น Let the centre be O and take any two distinct points on the circle, say P and Q.
๐น Join OP, OQ, and PQ to form triangle OPQ.
๐น OP = OQ because both are radii of the same circle.
๐น Therefore, triangle OPQ is isosceles.
๐น More isosceles triangles (same idea):
๐ธ Choose any other pair of points R and S on the circle.
๐ธ Join OR, OS, and RS.
๐ธ OR = OS (radii), so triangle ORS is isosceles.
๐ โ 2. Use the points on the circles and/or their centres to form isosceles and equilateral triangles. The circles are of the same size.
๐ โ Answer:
๐น First diagram (two equal circles with centres A and B):
๐ธ Let the circles intersect at two points; call them P and Q.
๐ธ Join A to P and A to Q, and join P to Q.
๐ธ AP = AQ (radii of circle with centre A), so triangle APQ is isosceles.
๐ธ Similarly, join B to P and B to Q, and join P to Q.
๐ธ BP = BQ (radii of circle with centre B), so triangle BPQ is isosceles.
๐น Second diagram (three equal circles with centres A, B, and C):
๐ธ A, B, and C are centres of equal circles.
๐ธ From the diagram, each centre lies on the other two circles.
๐ธ So AB is a radius (A lies on Bโs circle and B is its centre), hence AB = r.
๐ธ Similarly, BC = r and CA = r.
๐ธ Therefore AB = BC = CA.
๐น So triangle ABC is equilateral.
๐น Also, isosceles triangles can be formed using intersection points:
๐ธ Take any two intersection points on the circle with centre A, say P and Q.
๐ธ Then AP = AQ (radii), so triangle APQ is isosceles.
๐ธ Same works with centre B or centre C.
๐ต 2. FIGURE IT OUT ?
๐ โ 1. We checked by construction that there are no triangles having sidelengths 3 cm, 4 cm and 8 cm; and 2 cm, 3 cm and 6 cm. Check if you could have found this without trying to construct the triangle.
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น A triangle exists only if the sum of any two sides is greater than the third side.
๐น For 3 cm, 4 cm, 8 cm:
๐ธ 3 + 4 = 7
๐ธ 7 < 8
๐น Since the sum of two sides is less than the third side, triangle cannot be formed.
๐น For 2 cm, 3 cm, 6 cm:
๐ธ 2 + 3 = 5
๐ธ 5 < 6
๐น Again, the sum of two sides is less than the third side.
๐น So no triangle is possible.
๐น Therefore, without construction, using the triangle inequality rule, we can conclude that such triangles do not exist.
๐ โ 2. Can we say anything about the existence of a triangle for each of the following sets of lengths?
๐ โ (a) 10 km, 10 km and 25 km
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น 10 + 10 = 20
๐น 20 < 25
๐น The sum of two sides is less than the third side.
๐น Therefore, no triangle can be formed.
๐ โ (b) 5 mm, 10 mm and 20 mm
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น 5 + 10 = 15
๐น 15 < 20
๐น The triangle inequality condition is not satisfied.
๐น So, no triangle is possible.
๐ โ (c) 12 cm, 20 cm and 40 cm
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น 12 + 20 = 32
๐น 32 < 40
๐น The sum of two sides is less than the third side.
๐น Therefore, triangle cannot be formed.
๐ โ 3. For the set of lengths 10 cm, 15 cm and 30 cm, check the comparisons.
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น 10 < 15 + 30
๐ธ 10 < 45 (true)
๐น 15 < 10 + 30
๐ธ 15 < 40 (true)
๐น 30 < 10 + 15
๐ธ 30 < 25 (false)
๐น Since one comparison fails (30 is greater than the sum of the other two), triangle cannot be formed.
๐น Conclusion: For a triangle to exist, the sum of any two sides must be strictly greater than the third side in all three comparisons.
๐ต 3. FIGURE IT OUT ?
๐ โ 1. Which of the following lengths can be the sidelengths of a triangle? Explain your answers.
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น A triangle is possible only if the sum of any two sides is greater than the third side.
๐น We check each set using the triangle inequality.
๐ โ (a) 2, 2, 5
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น 2 + 2 = 4
๐น 4 < 5
๐น Condition not satisfied.
๐น Triangle not possible.
๐ โ (b) 3, 4, 6
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น 3 + 4 = 7 > 6
๐น 3 + 6 = 9 > 4
๐น 4 + 6 = 10 > 3
๐น All three conditions satisfied.
๐น Triangle is possible.
๐ โ (c) 2, 4, 8
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น 2 + 4 = 6
๐น 6 < 8
๐น Condition fails.
๐น Triangle not possible.
๐ โ (d) 5, 5, 8
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น 5 + 5 = 10 > 8
๐น 5 + 8 = 13 > 5
๐น 5 + 8 = 13 > 5
๐น All conditions satisfied.
๐น Triangle is possible.
๐ โ (e) 10, 20, 25
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น 10 + 20 = 30 > 25
๐น 10 + 25 = 35 > 20
๐น 20 + 25 = 45 > 10
๐น All conditions satisfied.
๐น Triangle is possible.
๐ โ (f) 10, 20, 35
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น 10 + 20 = 30
๐น 30 < 35
๐น Condition fails.
๐น Triangle not possible.
๐ โ (g) 24, 26, 28
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น 24 + 26 = 50 > 28
๐น 24 + 28 = 52 > 26
๐น 26 + 28 = 54 > 24
๐น All three conditions satisfied.
๐น Triangle is possible.
๐ โ
Final Conclusion:
๐น A triangle can be formed for sets (b), (d), (e), and (g).
๐น A triangle cannot be formed for sets (a), (c), and (f).
๐ต 4. FIGURE IT OUT ?
๐ โ 1. Check if a triangle exists for each of the following set of lengths:
๐ โ (a) 1, 100, 100
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น 1 + 100 = 101 > 100
๐น 100 + 100 = 200 > 1
๐น 1 + 100 = 101 > 100
๐น All three conditions satisfied.
๐น Triangle exists.
๐ โ (b) 3, 6, 9
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น 3 + 6 = 9
๐น 9 is not greater than 9.
๐น Triangle inequality not satisfied.
๐น Triangle does not exist.
๐ โ (c) 1, 1, 5
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น 1 + 1 = 2
๐น 2 < 5
๐น Condition fails.
๐น Triangle does not exist.
๐ โ (d) 5, 10, 12
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น 5 + 10 = 15 > 12
๐น 5 + 12 = 17 > 10
๐น 10 + 12 = 22 > 5
๐น All conditions satisfied.
๐น Triangle exists.
๐ โ 2. Does there exist an equilateral triangle with sides 50, 50, 50? In general, does there exist an equilateral triangle of any sidelength? Justify your answer.
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น For sides 50, 50, 50:
๐ธ 50 + 50 = 100 > 50
๐ธ Condition satisfied.
๐น Therefore, such an equilateral triangle exists.
๐น In general:
๐ธ For any positive number a,
๐ธ a + a = 2a > a
๐ธ Hence, triangle inequality is always satisfied.
๐น So an equilateral triangle exists for any positive sidelength.
๐ โ 3. For each of the following, give at least 5 possible values for the third length so there exists a triangle having these as sidelengths:
๐ โ (a) 1, 100
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น Third side x must satisfy:
๐ธ 100 โ 1 < x < 100 + 1
๐ธ 99 < x < 101
๐น Five possible values:
๐ธ 99.2
๐ธ 99.5
๐ธ 100
๐ธ 100.4
๐ธ 100.8
๐ โ (b) 5, 5
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น Third side x must satisfy:
๐ธ 5 โ 5 < x < 5 + 5
๐ธ 0 < x < 10
๐น Five possible values:
๐ธ 2
๐ธ 4
๐ธ 6
๐ธ 8
๐ธ 9
๐ โ (c) 3, 7
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น Third side x must satisfy:
๐ธ 7 โ 3 < x < 7 + 3
๐ธ 4 < x < 10
๐น Five possible values:
๐ธ 5
๐ธ 6
๐ธ 7
๐ธ 8
๐ธ 9
๐ โ
Final Observation:
๐น For two given sides a and b, the third side must satisfy
๐ธ |a โ b| < x < a + b
๐ต 5. FIGURE IT OUT ?
๐ โ 1. Construct triangles for the following measurements where the angle is included between the sides:
๐ โ (a) 3 cm, 75ยฐ, 7 cm
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น Step 1: Draw a line segment AB = 7 cm.
๐น Step 2: At point A, construct an angle of 75ยฐ.
๐น Step 3: On the second arm of the angle, mark point C such that AC = 3 cm.
๐น Step 4: Join BC.
๐น Triangle ABC is the required triangle.
๐ โ (b) 6 cm, 25ยฐ, 3 cm
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น Step 1: Draw a line segment PQ = 6 cm.
๐น Step 2: At point P, construct an angle of 25ยฐ.
๐น Step 3: On the second arm of the angle, mark point R such that PR = 3 cm.
๐น Step 4: Join QR.
๐น Triangle PQR is the required triangle.
๐ โ (c) 3 cm, 120ยฐ, 8 cm
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น Step 1: Draw a line segment XY = 8 cm.
๐น Step 2: At point X, construct an angle of 120ยฐ.
๐น Step 3: On the second arm of the angle, mark point Z such that XZ = 3 cm.
๐น Step 4: Join YZ.
๐น Triangle XYZ is the required triangle.
๐ โ
Observation:
๐น In each case, two sides and the included angle are given.
๐น A triangle can be uniquely constructed using the SAS (SideโAngleโSide) condition.
๐ต 6. FIGURE IT OUT ?
๐ โ 1. Construct triangles for the following measurements:
๐ โ (a) 75ยฐ, 5 cm, 75ยฐ
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น Step 1: Draw a line segment AB = 5 cm.
๐น Step 2: At point A, construct an angle of 75ยฐ.
๐น Step 3: At point B, construct an angle of 75ยฐ on the same side of AB.
๐น Step 4: Let the two arms meet at point C.
๐น Triangle ABC is the required triangle.
๐น The third angle will be 180ยฐ โ (75ยฐ + 75ยฐ) = 30ยฐ.
๐ โ (b) 25ยฐ, 3 cm, 60ยฐ
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น Step 1: Draw a line segment PQ = 3 cm.
๐น Step 2: At point P, construct an angle of 25ยฐ.
๐น Step 3: At point Q, construct an angle of 60ยฐ on the same side of PQ.
๐น Step 4: Let the two arms meet at point R.
๐น Triangle PQR is the required triangle.
๐น The third angle will be 180ยฐ โ (25ยฐ + 60ยฐ) = 95ยฐ.
๐ โ (c) 120ยฐ, 6 cm, 30ยฐ
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น Step 1: Draw a line segment XY = 6 cm.
๐น Step 2: At point X, construct an angle of 120ยฐ.
๐น Step 3: At point Y, construct an angle of 30ยฐ on the same side of XY.
๐น Step 4: Let the two arms meet at point Z.
๐น Triangle XYZ is the required triangle.
๐น The third angle will be 180ยฐ โ (120ยฐ + 30ยฐ) = 30ยฐ.
๐ โ
Observation:
๐น In each case, two angles and the included side are given.
๐น A triangle can be uniquely constructed using the ASA (AngleโSideโAngle) condition.
๐ต 7. FIGURE IT OUT ?
๐ โ 1. For each of the following angles, find another angle for which a triangle is (a) possible, (b) not possible. Find at least two different angles for each category:
๐ โ (a) 30ยฐ
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น In a triangle, sum of angles = 180ยฐ.
๐น (a) Triangle possible:
๐ธ Choose 60ยฐ โ 30ยฐ + 60ยฐ = 90ยฐ < 180ยฐ โ
๐ธ Choose 100ยฐ โ 30ยฐ + 100ยฐ = 130ยฐ < 180ยฐ โ
๐น (b) Triangle not possible:
๐ธ Choose 150ยฐ โ 30ยฐ + 150ยฐ = 180ยฐ โ
๐ธ Choose 160ยฐ โ 30ยฐ + 160ยฐ = 190ยฐ โ
๐ โ (b) 70ยฐ
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น (a) Triangle possible:
๐ธ 50ยฐ โ 70ยฐ + 50ยฐ = 120ยฐ < 180ยฐ โ
๐ธ 80ยฐ โ 70ยฐ + 80ยฐ = 150ยฐ < 180ยฐ โ
๐น (b) Triangle not possible:
๐ธ 110ยฐ โ 70ยฐ + 110ยฐ = 180ยฐ โ
๐ธ 120ยฐ โ 70ยฐ + 120ยฐ = 190ยฐ โ
๐ โ (c) 54ยฐ
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น (a) Triangle possible:
๐ธ 60ยฐ โ 54ยฐ + 60ยฐ = 114ยฐ < 180ยฐ โ
๐ธ 100ยฐ โ 54ยฐ + 100ยฐ = 154ยฐ < 180ยฐ โ
๐น (b) Triangle not possible:
๐ธ 126ยฐ โ 54ยฐ + 126ยฐ = 180ยฐ โ
๐ธ 140ยฐ โ 54ยฐ + 140ยฐ = 194ยฐ โ
๐ โ (d) 144ยฐ
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น (a) Triangle possible:
๐ธ 20ยฐ โ 144ยฐ + 20ยฐ = 164ยฐ < 180ยฐ โ
๐ธ 30ยฐ โ 144ยฐ + 30ยฐ = 174ยฐ < 180ยฐ โ
๐น (b) Triangle not possible:
๐ธ 36ยฐ โ 144ยฐ + 36ยฐ = 180ยฐ โ
๐ธ 50ยฐ โ 144ยฐ + 50ยฐ = 194ยฐ โ
๐ โ 2. Determine which of the following pairs can be the angles of a triangle and which cannot:
๐ โ (a) 35ยฐ, 150ยฐ
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น 35ยฐ + 150ยฐ = 185ยฐ > 180ยฐ
๐น Not possible.
๐ โ (b) 70ยฐ, 30ยฐ
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น 70ยฐ + 30ยฐ = 100ยฐ < 180ยฐ
๐น Possible.
๐น Third angle = 180ยฐ โ 100ยฐ = 80ยฐ.
๐ โ (c) 90ยฐ, 85ยฐ
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น 90ยฐ + 85ยฐ = 175ยฐ < 180ยฐ
๐น Possible.
๐น Third angle = 5ยฐ.
๐ โ (d) 50ยฐ, 150ยฐ
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น 50ยฐ + 150ยฐ = 200ยฐ > 180ยฐ
๐น Not possible.
๐ โ
Final Rule:
๐น For two angles to form a triangle, their sum must be strictly less than 180ยฐ.
๐ต 8. FIGURE IT OUT ?
๐ โ 1. Find the third angle of a triangle (using a parallel line) when two of the angles are:
๐ โ (a) 36ยฐ, 72ยฐ
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น In a triangle, sum of angles = 180ยฐ.
๐น Third angle = 180ยฐ โ (36ยฐ + 72ยฐ)
๐น Third angle = 180ยฐ โ 108ยฐ
๐น Third angle = 72ยฐ
โ๏ธ Final Answer: 72ยฐ
๐ โ (b) 150ยฐ, 15ยฐ
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น Sum of angles in triangle = 180ยฐ.
๐น Third angle = 180ยฐ โ (150ยฐ + 15ยฐ)
๐น Third angle = 180ยฐ โ 165ยฐ
๐น Third angle = 15ยฐ
โ๏ธ Final Answer: 15ยฐ
๐ โ (c) 90ยฐ, 30ยฐ
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น Sum of the two given angles = 90ยฐ + 30ยฐ
๐น Sum = 120ยฐ
๐น Third angle = 180ยฐ โ 120ยฐ
๐น Third angle = 60ยฐ
โ๏ธ Final Answer: 60ยฐ
๐ โ (d) 75ยฐ, 45ยฐ
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น Sum of the two given angles = 75ยฐ + 45ยฐ
๐น Sum = 120ยฐ
๐น Third angle = 180ยฐ โ 120ยฐ
๐น Third angle = 60ยฐ
โ๏ธ Final Answer: 60ยฐ
๐ โ 2. Can you construct a triangle all of whose angles are equal to 70ยฐ? If two of the angles are 70ยฐ what would the third angle be? If all the angles in a triangle have to be equal, then what must its measure be? Explore and find out.
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น If two angles are 70ยฐ, their sum = 70ยฐ + 70ยฐ
๐น Sum = 140ยฐ
๐น Third angle = 180ยฐ โ 140ยฐ
๐น Third angle = 40ยฐ
๐น Therefore, triangle cannot have all angles 70ยฐ because 70ยฐ + 70ยฐ + 70ยฐ = 210ยฐ which is greater than 180ยฐ.
๐น If all angles in a triangle are equal, let each angle be x.
๐น x + x + x = 180ยฐ
๐น 3x = 180ยฐ
๐น x = 180ยฐ รท 3
๐น x = 60ยฐ
โ๏ธ Final Answer:
All angles equal โ each angle must be 60ยฐ.
๐ โ 3. Here is a triangle in which we know โ B = โ C and โ A = 50ยฐ. Can you find โ B and โ C?
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น Sum of angles in triangle = 180ยฐ.
๐น Given โ A = 50ยฐ.
๐น Remaining angles sum = 180ยฐ โ 50ยฐ
๐น Remaining sum = 130ยฐ
๐น Since โ B = โ C, let each be x.
๐น x + x = 130ยฐ
๐น 2x = 130ยฐ
๐น x = 130ยฐ รท 2
๐น x = 65ยฐ
โ๏ธ Final Answer:
โ B = 65ยฐ
โ C = 65ยฐ
๐ต 9. FIGURE IT OUT ?
๐ โ 1. Construct a triangle ABC with BC = 5 cm, AB = 6 cm, CA = 5 cm. Construct an altitude from A to BC.
๐ โ Answer:
๐น Step 1: Draw a line segment BC = 5 cm.
๐น Step 2: With centre B and radius 6 cm, draw an arc.
๐น Step 3: With centre C and radius 5 cm, draw another arc cutting the previous arc at point A.
๐น Step 4: Join A to B and A to C.
Triangle ABC is constructed.
๐น Step 5: To construct altitude from A to BC:
Place the compass at A and draw an arc cutting BC at two points.
๐น Step 6: With those two points as centres and equal radius, draw arcs intersecting below BC.
๐น Step 7: Join A to the point of intersection of these arcs.
The line drawn from A perpendicular to BC is the altitude.
๐ โ 2. Construct a triangle TRY with RY = 4 cm, TR = 7 cm, โ R = 140ยฐ. Construct an altitude from T to RY.
๐ โ Answer:
๐น Step 1: Draw a line segment RY = 4 cm.
๐น Step 2: At point R, construct an angle of 140ยฐ.
๐น Step 3: On one arm of the angle, mark point T such that RT = 7 cm.
๐น Step 4: Join T to Y.
Triangle TRY is constructed.
๐น Step 5: To construct altitude from T to RY:
With centre T, draw an arc cutting RY at two points.
๐น Step 6: With those two points as centres and equal radius, draw arcs intersecting below RY.
๐น Step 7: Join T to the intersection point of arcs.
This line is perpendicular to RY and is the required altitude.
๐ โ 3. Construct a right-angled triangle ฮABC with โ B = 90ยฐ, AC = 5 cm. How many different triangles exist with these measurements?
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น Step 1: Draw a line segment AC = 5 cm.
๐น Step 2: Find the midpoint O of AC.
๐น Step 3: With centre O and radius OA, draw a circle (so AC is a diameter).
๐น Step 4: Choose any point B on the circle, on either side of AC (but not at A or C).
๐น Step 5: Join AB and BC.
๐น Since AC is a diameter, the angle subtended by AC at any point B on the circle is 90ยฐ.
๐น Therefore, โ B = 90ยฐ for every such choice of B.
๐น Because point B can be chosen at infinitely many positions on the circle (except A and C), infinitely many different triangles are possible.
โ๏ธ Final Answer: Infinitely many triangles.
๐ โ 4. Through construction, explore if it is possible to construct:
(i) an equilateral triangle that is right-angled
(ii) an equilateral triangle that is obtuse-angled
Also construct an isosceles triangle that is
(i) right-angled
(ii) obtuse-angled.
๐ โ Answer:
๐น In an equilateral triangle, all angles are 60ยฐ.
So it cannot be right-angled (90ยฐ) or obtuse-angled (> 90ยฐ).
Therefore:
(i) Not possible
(ii) Not possible
๐น An isosceles triangle has two equal sides.
(i) Right-angled isosceles triangle is possible.
Example: angles 45ยฐ, 45ยฐ, 90ยฐ.
(ii) Obtuse-angled isosceles triangle is possible.
Example: angles 100ยฐ, 40ยฐ, 40ยฐ.
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OTHER IMPORTANT QUESTIONS
(MODEL QUESTION PAPER)
ESPECIALLY MADE FOR THIS LESSON ONLY
๐ต Section A โ Very Short Answer (1 ร 6 = 6 marks)
๐ โ Question 1
What is meant by intersecting lines?
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น Intersecting lines are lines that meet or cross at a point
๐ โ Question 2
How many lines are involved in three intersecting lines?
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น Three lines are involved
๐ โ Question 3
How many angles are formed when three lines intersect at a point?
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น Six angles are formed
๐ โ Question 4
What is the sum of all angles around a point?
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น The sum of all angles around a point is 360ยฐ
๐ โ Question 5
True or False: Vertically opposite angles are always equal.
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น True
๐ โ Question 6
Name one type of angle formed by intersecting lines.
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น Adjacent angle
๐ข Section B โ Short Answer I (2 ร 6 = 12 marks)
๐ โ Question 7
Define three intersecting lines.
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น Three intersecting lines are three lines that meet at the same point
๐ โ Question 8
What is a point of intersection?
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น The point where two or more lines meet is called the point of intersection
๐ โ Question 9
What are adjacent angles?
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น Adjacent angles share a common vertex and a common arm
๐น They lie next to each other
๐ โ Question 10
State one property of vertically opposite angles.
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น Vertically opposite angles are equal in measure
๐ โ Question 11
How many degrees make a complete angle?
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น A complete angle measures 360ยฐ
๐ โ Question 12
Do all angles formed by three intersecting lines have equal measure? Give reason.
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น No, all angles are not equal
๐น Only vertically opposite angles are equal
๐ก Section C โ Short Answer II (3 ร 10 = 30 marks)
๐ โ Question 13
Explain how many angles are formed by three intersecting lines and why.
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น Three lines intersecting at one point divide the space around the point
๐น This results in six angles
๐ โ Question 14
Explain the term โangle around a pointโ.
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น Angles formed around a point together make a complete turn
๐น Their sum is 360ยฐ
๐ โ Question 15
State the relation between vertically opposite angles formed by intersecting lines.
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น Vertically opposite angles are always equal
๐ โ Question 16
If one angle formed by three intersecting lines is 50ยฐ, find its vertically opposite angle.
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น Vertically opposite angles are equal
๐น Required angle = 50ยฐ
๐ โ Question 17
If five angles around a point are 60ยฐ, 70ยฐ, 80ยฐ, 40ยฐ, and 50ยฐ, find the sixth angle.
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น Sum of angles around a point = 360ยฐ
๐น Sum of given angles = 60 + 70 + 80 + 40 + 50 = 300ยฐ
๐น Sixth angle = 360 โ 300 = 60ยฐ
๐ โ Question 18
Explain the meaning of adjacent angles with an example.
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น Adjacent angles lie next to each other
๐น They share a common arm and vertex
๐ โ Question 19
Why is the rule โsum of angles around a point is 360ยฐโ important?
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น It helps find unknown angles
๐น It is useful in solving geometry problems
๐ โ Question 20
Can three lines intersect at different points and still be called three intersecting lines? Explain.
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น No, all three lines must meet at the same point
๐น Otherwise, they are not three intersecting lines
๐ โ Question 21
Name two types of angles formed by three intersecting lines.
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น Adjacent angles
๐น Vertically opposite angles
๐ โ Question 22
Explain why drawing a neat diagram is important in angle problems.
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น Diagrams help visualise angles clearly
๐น They reduce mistakes in calculation
๐ด Section D โ Long Answer (4 ร 8 = 32 marks)
๐ โ Question 23
Explain three intersecting lines and the angles formed by them.
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น Three intersecting lines meet at a single point
๐น They form six angles around that point
๐น Some angles are equal due to vertical opposite angle property
๐น The sum of all angles around the point is 360ยฐ
๐ โ Question 24
Explain vertically opposite angles with a suitable example.
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น Vertically opposite angles are opposite each other when two lines intersect
๐น They are always equal
๐น Example: If one angle is 40ยฐ, the opposite angle is also 40ยฐ
๐ โ Question 25
Explain adjacent angles and their properties.
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น Adjacent angles share a common vertex
๐น They share one common arm
๐น They lie next to each other
๐ โ Question 26
Five angles around a point are 30ยฐ, 60ยฐ, 90ยฐ, 70ยฐ, and 80ยฐ. Find the sixth angle.
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น Sum of angles around a point = 360ยฐ
๐น Sum of given angles = 30 + 60 + 90 + 70 + 80 = 330ยฐ
๐น Sixth angle = 360 โ 330 = 30ยฐ
๐ โ Question 27
Explain the importance of the concept of three intersecting lines in geometry.
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น Helps understand angle relationships
๐น Helps solve angle-based problems
๐น Forms the base for advanced geometry
๐ โ Question 28
Explain with reasons whether all angles formed by three intersecting lines are equal.
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น No, all angles are not equal
๐น Only vertically opposite angles are equal
๐น Adjacent angles are different in measure
๐ โ Question 29
List four common mistakes students make while solving problems on intersecting lines.
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น Forgetting that angles around a point sum to 360ยฐ
๐น Confusing adjacent and vertically opposite angles
๐น Not using the correct angle property
๐น Drawing incorrect diagrams
๐ โ Question 30
Explain how the concept of three intersecting lines is useful in daily life.
๐ โ
Answer:
๐น Used in road junction design
๐น Used in construction and architecture
๐น Helps understand direction and angles
๐น Useful in drawing and engineering
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